ANALYSIS OF THE CONTENT, STRUCTURE OF PVL IN THE WORK OF DOMESTIC HISTORIOGRAPHERS

Abstract. "The Tale of Bygone Years" as a historical source has a large number of various chronicle lists, more than two hundred. The full title of the story sounds like this: “Here are the stories of the times of years, where did the Russian land come from, who first began to reign in Kyiv, and where did the Russian land come from”, tells about almost all the events of Russian history that took place from the middle of the 9th-12th centuries. This chronicle, according to D.S. Likhachev, is designed to justify the role and place of the Russian people against the background of other peoples of the world, in addition to historical significance, it also has philological significance, the chronicle introduces the researcher into an atmosphere of epic attitude to Russian history.

Keywords: "The Tale of Bygone Years", research, structure, content, analysis.

PVL materials, which are recognized by historiographers, are made up of annual articles, excerpts, legendary main directions, for which it is impossible to determine the chronological framework, content and work. A. Nikitin in his work “The Tale of Bygone Years as a historical source” writes that these articles of the PVL are of this type:

- no novellas are heard from anything,

-abbreviated notes about various events, phenomena, processes,

- there were also stories that were attached to the notes, for example, to the “Tale of the Beginning of the Caves Monastery”, they contained information about the formation of Hilarion as a metropolitan in the second half of the 11th century.

- included materials, articles. [1, p. 60].

The proposed structure of Nikitin complicates by the fact that wedging in of the latest plot events is observed in it, due to the detection of repetitive thoughts of the main text, or the presence of intra-text inserts, supplemented by opinions observed about other, more severe cases. Such a structure has two types of collection: annalistic descriptions of events or weather records.

PVL complexes and their structure are well described in the works of A.A. Shakhmatov and his followers. Their research showed that the original chronicle, its early editions, have not been preserved, and it is available to use only a copy of the chronicle, “modified”, edited and rewritten many times. In Shakhmatov's work "The Tale of Bygone Years" and its sources", he names the monk of the Kiev-Pechersk monastery - Nestor, who is usually considered the first chronicler in Russia, as the author of the chronicle, although in other sources his name is not broadcast and not advertised, therefore it is unequivocal to speak of that he is the sole author is impossible. The most striking mention of this author is in the "Khlebnikov List». [2, p. 74].

According to L.V. Cherepnin, comparing the lists of PVL and "The Tale with Praise to Prince Vladimir Iakov Mnikh", he came to the conclusion that the code of 996 served as the basis for PVL. This text had brief annalistic notes, which were recorded by the tithe church in Kyiv, and Anastas Korsunyanin was also considered the author of the code, as it was assumed, that the tithe church possessed. [3, p. 36].

Comparing and analyzing the editions and lists found in his chronicles, Shakhmatov did the following: he identified inaccuracies and shortcomings in these editions, found matches in some parts of the descriptions of various species, and suggested common points. After conducting a comprehensive analysis of the annals, or rather their editions, classifying their lists, the researcher came to the conclusion that the lists of some editions have coinciding discrepancies. And after that, he began to single out, then group them according to the corresponding editions. After that, he published a series of assumptions, which later compose and compile discrepancies in the editions and lists of chronicles included in the PVL, he wrote that "... a comparison of hypothetical summaries to identify a number of major features found in them ...". [2, p. 82]

PVL consists of sources that have problems with determining chronology, authorship, and so on. If we talk about internal behavior, then it consists of various editions, annual articles, which either have different content or some similarity of plots, then we note the undated introduction.