Статья:

Models and mechanisms for the formation of cluster initiatives

Журнал: Научный журнал «Студенческий форум» выпуск №40(133)

Рубрика: Экономика

Выходные данные
Magomedova A. Models and mechanisms for the formation of cluster initiatives // Студенческий форум: электрон. научн. журн. 2020. № 40(133). URL: https://nauchforum.ru/journal/stud/133/81767 (дата обращения: 29.03.2024).
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Models and mechanisms for the formation of cluster initiatives

Magomedova Asiyat
student, North Caucasus Federal University, Russia, Stavropol
Fursov Viktor
научный руководитель, Dr. econ. sciences, professor, North Caucasus Federal University, Russia, Stavropol

 

МОДЕЛИ И МЕХАНИЗМЫ ФОРМИРОВАНИЯ КЛАСТЕРНЫХ ИНИЦИАТИВ

 

Магомедова Асият Магомедгаджиевна

студент, Северо-Кавказский федеральный университет, РФ, г. Ставрополь

Фурсов Виктор Александрович

научный руководитель, д-р экон. наук, профессор, Северо-Кавказский федеральный университет, РФ, г. Ставрополь

 

Abstract. This article discusses terms such as methods and mechanisms for the formation of cluster initiatives. Clusters, being a powerful tool for stimulating regional development, are aimed at improving the trade balance of the region and increasing employment. The cluster should be viewed as a self-regulating system in the socio-economic sphere of activity.

 

Keywords: method, mechanism, clusters, cluster initiatives

 

Currently, any form of economic relations is based on the one hand competition for the markets of production factors, and on the other hand, mutually beneficial cooperation and partnership.

The relationship and interaction between clustering processes, strengthening of competitiveness and accelerate innovation - is a new economic phenomenon, which can withstand the pressure of competition, meet the requirements of contemporary regional development.

In this case, important tools for achieving competitiveness are the mechanisms of state support for regions, industries and individual businesses.

One of these mechanisms are: clusters, cluster policy and cluster initiatives, which have become an important part of industrial and economic policy of the regions.

The cluster approach is an effective tool for ensuring the innovative development of the economy through the development of an optimal interaction between representatives of business, government, science and education [1].

The term «cluster initiative» was introduced into scientific use in 2003 by economists K. Ketels, G. Lindqvist and O. Solwell.

According to scientists, the essence of this concept is to work on increasing the competitiveness of the cluster and increasing its growth rates with the involvement of cluster firms, the state and research institutes in the process.

Cluster initiatives are projects to put forward by organized efforts of business, authorities and scientific organizations for the purpose of joint actions to create, develop and strengthen the competitiveness of a cluster.

Russian researcher I.E.Risin proposed a mechanism for assessing cluster initiatives, which includes the following units: assessment of technologies for substantiating cluster initiatives; assessment of their content; assessment of the mechanism for implementing cluster initiatives [4].

The cluster functioning mechanism enables member companies, without losing independence, acquire the same competitive advantages that can get independent enterprises, only by increasing the scale of production and the creation of formal alliances with other companies.

Cluster initiatives can be formed [2]:

 

Figure 1. Cluster initiatives can be formed

 

The initiators of the cluster policy can be central government bodies, regional authorities and local associations of entrepreneurs, proposing the implementation of programs to stimulate the development of clusters.

The main goals of cluster initiatives are [2]:

 

Figure 2. The main goals of cluster initiatives are

 

One more important factor in the development of the cluster is the presence of a stable strategy of action, expressed in the set program and for which the requirements are consolidated interests of government, business, consulting, financial institutions, the banking sector and others.

The main effects of cluster initiatives include [2]:

The main contribution to the Russian theory of the cluster consists in identifying the main directions and models of clustering of Russian regions; to found that successful cluster initiatives combine the development of innovative core, a significant industrial base and a large number of participants, representing small and medium-sized innovative forms of entrepreneurship.

Thus, the development of clusters and the implementation of cluster initiatives are an integral part of modernizing the economy at the present stage.

In many foreign countries have accumulated valuable experience and has a successful practice of realization of cluster initiatives.

 

Bibliography:
1. Alexandrova E.N. Cluster concept in the innovative development of the region: theory and Russian practice // Fundamental research. – 2013. – No. 10. – P. 2720-2724.
2. Afonina A.G. Cluster initiatives and projects // Bulletin of the Altai Academy of Economics and Law. – 2012. – No. 4. – P. 35-39.
3. Vertakova Yu.V., Polozhentseva Yu.S., Klevtsova M.G. Vector analysis of cluster initiatives in the region // Scientific and technical statements of the St. Petersburg State Polytechnic University. - Economic sciences. – 2015. – No. 1 (211). – P. 43-50
4. Risin I.E. Methodical approach to assessing the conditions for clustering the socio-economic space of the region // Region: systems, economics, management. – 2015. – No. 1 (28). – P. 79-82.