THE ROLE OF DIALECT WORDS IN M.A. SHOLOKHOV'S NOVEL "THE QUIET DON"

Abstract. The main attention of the article is drawn to the role of dialect words in M.A. Sholokhov's novel "The Quiet Don". The author aims to analyze the work, find dialectisms and find out why they are used in the text. In his opinion, these words perform several functions: they create an external image of the characters, show the nature of the characters' actions, describe the environment of the hero's life. The article is intended for a wide range of readers. It will be useful for schoolchildren, students, and graduate students.

Keywords: dialect, dialecticism, novel.

Currently, the theme of dialectisms in the work "The Quiet Don" by M.A. Sholokhov remains poorly studied. When reading a novel, we do not pay attention to how the characters communicate, with the help of which words their appearance and character are described. Because of this, the question arises: "For what purpose did the writer use specific expressions, namely dialectisms?"

After reading and analyzing the novel, we come to the conclusion that the role of dialect words in M.A. Sholokhov's novel "The Quiet Don" is great.

First, they create an external image of the heroes. When reading their descriptions, we come across such names as: chekmen – Cossack military uniform, helmet – female headdress, a kind of robber, curtain – apron, chiriki – everyday shoes made of rough leather. They help to understand what the characters look like. Mikhail Sholokhov, when describing the appearance of his heroes, strives to give a memorable visual image, to recreate a person in a unique movement. For example, "... the trail left by the sharp-nosed Grishkin tweet...". The author highlights in appearance what is characteristic of the spiritual warehouse, the moral appearance of the hero.

Secondly, they show the nature of the characters' actions, the type of their emotions in a given situation. To circumcise – to cut, to lie – to tell a lie, to mutter – to scold. We can notice the use of such words in the speech of Panteley Prokofievich: "Grishka, are you going fishing?" "I'll lie! Where are they, the reds?"  Panteley Prokofievich stopped in confusion." These dialects show the specifics of the characters, the type of life behavior, the temperament of a person, the mood at a particular time and place. With their help, the reader understands the state and mood of the character.

Thirdly, dialects describe the environment of the hero's life. These include the following: pernach - a sign of ataman power, toloka – a place of cattle pasture, baz – a peasant's yard, kuren – a hut, obdonye – a locality adjacent to the Don. So, the word "toloka" is used in the dialogue between Grigory Melekhov and Bakhmachev: "Understand that there is nothing to give us! One and a half tithes fall on a share of convenient land, and ent — loam, beams, toloka." Thus, these dialect words indicate the life and way of life of the Russian peasantry.

Summing up, we note that dialect words occupy an important place in M.A. Sholokhov's novel "The Quiet Don" and play a huge role. So, they describe the environment in which the characters live. Dialectisms depict peasant life. With their help, the author manages not only to show the appearance of the characters, but also to reveal their character, convey their feelings, emotions and mood in certain situations.